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The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Hi all,
I was wondering if you could help me.
I remember having learned in my PK class
of an antibiotic class that had poor bioavailability (due to lack of
absorption) when given orally, but this lack of absorption
gave the drug an advantage in the treatment of intestinal
infections. In
looking back
at my notes I see that the aminoglycosides have characteristics that
suggest
they might be used in this way
(1% F and good activity against gram negative bacteria), but I have had
trouble finding any references to support this.
Are there other classes of antibiotics that might fit this pattern?
Have you heard of aminoglycosides being used in this way?
Thanks so much for your help!
-Rachel
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The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Rachel,
In veterinary medicine there are products containing neomycin that are
approved for the treatment of gastrointestinal infections. Due to
systemic toxicity and food residue concerns, the use of this drug is
only feasible because of the negligible systemic absorption.
Hope this is interesting/helpful.
Regards
Ronette
**
Ronette Gehring BVSc, MMedVet (Pharm), DACVCP
Assistant Professor
Department of Clinical Sciences (Agricultural Practices)
Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine
I 107 Mosier Hall
Manhattan
KS 66506
Telephone: 785-532-2153
E-mail: rgehring.-a-.vet.ksu.edu
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The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Dear Rachel,
Most likely you discussed the use of oral vancomycin for the
treatment of
antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis caused by C. difficile.
Vanco given PO does not enter the systemic circulation and thus acts
locally
in the GI tract. It can also be used in this manner for the
treatment of
staphylococcal enterocolitis.
Kind Regards,
Leslie
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Hi Rachel,
Vancomycin is an example of an antibiotic with very poor oral
bioavailability that is used to treat enterocolitis.
radu
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The following message was posted to: PharmPK
because of these characteristics, aminoglycosides are used as
antimicrobials in SDD regimens. so yes, common practice.
and for other classes : vancomycin is being used to treat clostridium
difficile infections
johan w mouton
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[A few more replies - db]
The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Rachel,
You may be thinking of neomycin which could be given orally as part
of a GI
prophylaxis regimen. Vancomycin can also be given orally to treat
C.difficile infection. I hope this helps.
Kelly
Kelly.Harris.aaa.upsher-smith.com
--
The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Rachel
Oral Vancomycin (Vancocin) is used to treat pseudomembraneous colitis
caused by C.difficle, it's systemic absorption is poor when administered
orally (usually less than 5%). Hope that helps.
Regards
Abayomi Ogundele, Pharm.D.
Abayomi.Ogundele.-at-.AlconLabs.com
--
Rachel,
Aminoglycosides given orally is an old story. Many years ago they
were often given orally as a pre-medication in intestinal surgery in
order to "sterilize" the GI tract. Some still do it in laboratory
animals. In my opinion this is truly weird, because aminoglycosides
are active only (or mainly) against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria.
These bacteria represent only few percent of the intestinal microbial
flora. Moreover, aminoglycosides lose their activity almost
completely in an anaerobic environment like the intestinal lumen
typically is.
These drugs are really used orally in veterinary therapy. Despite the
1-5% bioavailability they can frequently be detected in the kidney
tissue in concentrations exceeding the maximum allowed residue
levels. Aminoglycosides stick to the kidneys for months and are,
therefore, poorly suited for food producing animals even when given
orally.
Stefan
stefan.soback.aaa.gmail.com
--
The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Also there is vancomycin which has v. poor absorption, which can be used
to advantage for treating pseudomembraneous colitis (from Cl. difficile
superinfection) in gut .
Cheers
BC
Bruce CHARLES, PhD
Associate Professor
School of Pharmacy
The University of Queensland, 4072 Australia
[University Provider Number: 00025B]
TEL: +61 7 336 53194
FAX: +61 7 336 51688
B.Charles.-at-.pharmacy.uq.edu.au
http://www.uq.edu.au/pharmacy/brucecharles/charles.html
Bruce.-at-.pharmacy.uq.edu.au
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[And a few more replies - db]
Hi Rachel
If you go back to the references of the 70th and 80th you will find
that aminoglycosides given orally cause erosion of the intestinal
mucosa, and than they may be absorbed and cause side effects.
Zvi
zbenzvi.aaa.bgu.ac.il
--
The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Hi Rachel,
The glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin has minimal absorption and is
used
orally to treat antibiotic associated colitis.
Alistair Duncan
Aberdeen Royal Infirmary
Foresterhill
Aberdeen
AB25 2ZN
mailto:aduncan.-a-.nhs.net
--
The following message was posted to: PharmPK
Rachel,
Oral neomycin has been used for years in a gut sterilization protocol
prior to GI surgery. It's nephrotoxicity limits it's use systemically.
Wolowich
wwolowic.aaa.nova.edu
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