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Hi all,
I would like to know which animal model has the most similar skin structure
(epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous tissue) and thickness as that of humans.
Any advice, opinions and literature references are welcome.
Thanks!
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The work of Riviere, et al. with swine skin is probably the best source for
these types of studies.
Rob Hunter, M.S.
Graduate Fellow
Dept. of Vet. Phys, Pharm, & Tox
Sch Vet. Med.
La State Univ.
225-346-3205
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depends on what your going to do with it. Skin from cadavers work well for in
vitro work. Pigs, miniature swine are also good models. You need an animal
that sweats and whose sweating can be controlled by hormones and the
hypothalamus. Panter
Panters (dog, cats, rats) are poor models. NHP are better but too hairy.
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[Three replies - db]
From: "Van Der Geest, Ronald [JanBe]"
To: "'PharmPK.-a-.boomer.org'"
Subject: Animal model
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 09:58:09 +0200
Dear Peggy,
To my knowledge, pig skin is generally regarded as the best model for human
skin, both in structure and in barrier function. The articles published by
the group of P. Wertz and especially those by the groups of J.A. Bouwstra
and M. Ponec will give you a good starting point in your search.
kind regards,
Ronald van der Geest
Clinical Pharmacokinetics Department
Janssen Research Foundation
---
From: "Michael Kohn"
Date: Mon, 9 Aug 1999 09:13:32 -0400
To: PharmPK.aaa.boomer.org
Subject: Animal model - skin
I've had similar experience as Edward O'Connor. In a series of experiments=
on a
range of animal models, we found young swine the best. Furred animals were
actually poor models, we think because their skin is less highly keratinized
than human skin and therefore allows penetration by drugs more rapidly than
would human skin of a comparable thickness.
--=20
Michael C. Kohn
Laboratory of Computational Biology and Risk Analysis
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop A3-06
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2233
Telephone:
919-541-4929 (voice)
919-541-1479 (fax)
e-mail:
kohn.aaa.valiant.niehs.nih.gov
Web site:
http://valiant.niehs.nih.g
---
X-Originating-IP: [132.203.39.201]
From: "Ashish Sharma"
To: PharmPK.aaa.boomer.org
Subject: Re: PharmPK Animal model
Date: Mon, 09 Aug 1999 06:13:53 PDT
Hi Peggy:
Human skin viability (determined by anaerobic metabolism where=20
glucose is converted to lactose, is maximum for the first 18 hours=20
after the death of the donor and when properly preserved the=20
integrity is maintained for a maximum of 8 days (Homard Maibach and=20
Wester et al. Pharm Res. 15(1) 1998). According to this work, heat=20
treated or separated epidermis loses viability and hence in my own=20
transdermal work I had avoided doing that except when I was=20
considering the ATR-FTIR or the DSC studies with the SC. Among=20
animals, the pig skin is accepted as a good substitute for human skin=20
(pig skin flaps from the caudal abdominal, inguinal, and ear flaps=20
are most recommended models for studying percutaneous absorption=20
(Carver et al 1989 and Lange et al. 1994)). But pig skin is known to=20
slightly overestimate lipophilic compound absorption and slightly=20
underestimate the hydrophilic compound absorption (Scaefer et al.=20
1996). Mouse skin has a considerably higher absorption and is not=20
recommened for transdermal studies. Hairless/fuzzy rats are one of=20
the possibilities (available with Charles River or Sprawgue Dawley=20
etc). An alternate but more difficult approach is to use=20
reconstituted skin where the keratinocytes are seeded on dermal=20
substrate (Bell et al. 1991)/de-epidermized dermis (R=E9gnier et al.=20
1990) and grown in standard tissue culture medium. It is also=20
possible to graft human skin onto nude rat skin flaps with the=20
associated microvasculature to study the percutaneous absorption=20
in-vivo (Wojciechowski et al. 1987).
All this is highly dependent on your aim as to what you really wish=20
to study etc. I hope this was helpful.
Regards
Ashish Sharma
PhD Student (Pharmacie Clinique)
Centre de Recherche de l'H=F4pital Laval
2725 Chemin Ste-Foy
Ste-Foy
Qu=E9bec G1V 4G5
Canada
(418)-656-7777 (Poste: 14585)
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